Learn Quran with Tajweed Online Course part: 1

 Learn Quran with Tajweed Online Course part: 1

Introduction

"Tajweed is an Arabic word, which means correct pronunciation during the Holy Quran recitation. It is a set of rules, which dictates how the Quran should be recited. It came from the word 'ja-wa-da', which means “to make well”, “make better” or “improve”."

Mukhraj ul Huroof

---

ALIF (ا)

From the emptiness of the mouth.

---

BAA (ب)

From the inner part of the lips when they meet (moist part), similar to the English word bar.

---

TAA (ت)

Tip of the tongue touches the gums behind the front upper central two teeth.

---

THAA (ث)

Tip of the tongue touches the bottom edge of the front upper central two teeth, similar to the English word think, thank, and threw.

---

JEEM (ج)

Centre of the tongue touches the palate, similar to the English word jeep.

---

HAA (ح)

Comes from the centre of the throat pushing air out.

---

KHAW (خ)

Comes from the top of the throat. This letter is pronounced full mouth.

---

DAAL (د)

Tip of the tongue touches the gums behind the front upper central two teeth. Similar to the English word the, then, they.

---

ZHAL (ذ)

Tip of the tongue touches the bottom edge of the front upper central two teeth, similar to the English word the, then, they.

---

RAW (ر)

Tip of the tongue touches the upper hard palate at the front, similar to the English word raw. This letter is pronounced full mouth and on occasion empty mouth.

---

ZAA (ز)

Bring your teeth together and release, similar to the English word zap and zoo.

---

SEEN (س)

Bring your teeth together and release, similar to the English word seen.

---

SHEEN (ش)

Centre of the tongue touches the palate, similar to the English word sheet.

---

SAWD (ص)

Bring teeth together and release. This letter is pronounced full mouth (slight whistling sound).

---

DHAWD (ض)

Upturned side or sides of the tongue to touch the gums of the upper back teeth (molars). This letter is pronounced full mouth.

---

TAW (ط)

Tip of the tongue touches the gums behind the front upper central two teeth. This letter is pronounced full mouth.

---

ZAW (ظ)

Tip of the tongue touches the bottom edge of the front upper central two teeth. This letter is pronounced full mouth.

---

AYN (ع)

Comes from the centre of the throat like the HAA mentioned before, similar to the English word Einstein.

---

GHAYN (غ)

Comes from the top of the throat like KHAW, similar to a gargling sound. This letter is pronounced full mouth.

---

FAA (ف)

Bottom edge of the upper front teeth meets the inner bottom lip, similar to the English word farm.

---

QAWF (ق)

Raising the back end of the tongue touching the palate. This is a full mouth letter.

---

KAAF (ك)

Raising the back end of the tongue touching the palate similar to QAWF but a little further, forward on the tongue, similar to the English word cart.

---

LAAM (ل)

Tip of the tongue touches the palate, similar to the English word lama.

---

MEEM (م)

Joining the outer dry part of the lips together, similar to the English word meet.

---

NOON (ن)

Tip of the tongue touches the palate, similar to the English word noon.

---

WAO (و)

Partial meeting of the lips, similar to the English word wow.

---

HAA (ه)

Comes from the bottom of the throat close to the chest, similar to the English word heart.

---

HAMZA (ﺀ)

Comes from the bottom of the throat close to the chest. This letter is known as hamza but is pronounced as an Alif. The best way to remember hamza is to class it as an Alif, similar to the English word at.

---

YAA (ي)

Comes from the emptiness of the mouth, similar to the English word Yard.

---

Components of Tajweed

Throat letters

There are six letters that are pronounced from three levels of throat.

Bottom of throat ہ ﺀ 

Middle of throat ﺡ ﻉ 

Top of throat ﻍ ﺥ

---

Bold Letters

There are seven bold letters; that are pronounced with heavy and strong voice. ﺥ ص ﺽ 

ﻍ ط ﻖ

 ظ 

---

Silent letters

Letters having no sign on them are called silent letters. These letters occur when alif waw or ya maddah is involved; as they do not produce any sound of their own and they should be ignored. The letter Laam frequently becomes silent where the definite article is prefixed to a word.

Example :

نُوحِيهَا

nooheehaa

---

Qalqalah Letters

There are five echo letters known as Qalqalah. ﻖ ط ﺏ ﺝ د When these letters come with sukoon, we make an echo sound after sukoon by opening lips. It will be pronounced with more force when carry a shaddah and lighter when there is a sukoon.

---

Leen Letters

Introduction

The quality of leen is found in the following 2 letters و ى when they carry a sukoon and the letter before it carries a fathah. They are called Leen Letters.

Wao Leen

When wao ﻮ has sukoon on it and the letter before ﻮ has fatha or zabr on it, then it is called wao leen.

Ya leen

When ya ﻯ has a sakin ﻯۡ and letter before ﻯ has fatha or zabr on it, then it is called ya leen.

---

Harkat (Movement)

Introduction

Harkat or movements is a group of symbols, which function as vowels and determine the way a letter is pronounced. This also depends on whether the harkat is written above or below the letter.

Fatah Or Zabr

The Fatha is an accent mark (a short slanting line over the letter). It is put over a letter when a short sound of "A" is supposed to be pronounced after the letter.

Example:

وَ اُمِّہٖ  وَ اَبِیۡہِ

Kasrah Or Zer

The Kasrah is a short slanting line under the letter. It is put under a letter when a short sound of "i" is supposed to be pronounced after the letter.

Example:

وَ اُمِّہٖ  وَ اَبِیۡہِ

Dammah Or Pesh

The Dammah is a small letter "Wao" over a letter. It is put over a letter when a short sound of "U" is supposed to be pronounced after the letter.

Example:

وَ اُمِّہٖ  وَ اَبِیۡہِ

---

Tanween

Introduction

It means a single harkat with a hidden noon-sakin. Instead of writing a harkat and noon-sakin, the respective harkat is doubled.

Fathatain

The sound of A is joined with noon to produce this sound.

اِنَّاۤ  اَرۡسَلۡنٰکَ شَاہِدًا وَّ مُبَشِّرًا وَّ نَذِیۡرًا 

Kasratain

The sound of I is joined with noon to produce this sound.

اُولِیۡ  بَاۡسٍ شَدِیۡدٍ

Dammatain

The sound of U is merged with noon to produce this sound.

مَّغۡفِرَۃٌ وَّاَجۡرٌعَظِیۡمٌ

---

Sukoon

If a letter without a harkat sign is called sakin (resting letter) and a sign appears over the letter is called sakin ( jazm ).

بِيْ  بُوْ

---

 

Shaddah

If the tashdeed sign appears over a letter this letter is said twice. First time with sukoon and second time with harkat

جَيِّد نَجَّار مَكَّة 

---

Madd

Introduction

Madd sign   ̃   indicates to prolong (stretch) of maddah letters ﺍ ﻮ ﻯ

Madd e Mutassil

The madd is placed on the letter before ﺀ are stretched for 4-6 seconds.

Example:

وَعَلَّمَ ءَادَمَ ٱلْأَسْمَآءَ كُلَّهَا ثُمَّ عَرَضَهُمْ عَلَى ٱلْمَلَـٰٓئِكَةِ فَقَالَ أَنۢبِـُٔونِى بِأَسْمَآءِ هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ إِن كُنتُمْ صَـٰدِقِينَ

Madd e Munfasil

If the next letter after the maddah is ﺍ then the letter should be stretched for 4-6 seconds.

Example:

قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الْكَافِرُونَ

إِنَّا أَعْطَيْنَاكَ الْكَوْثَرَ

فَتُوبُوا إِلَىٰ بَارِئِكُمْ

Madd e Aarith Waqfi

After Maddah or leen the harkat of the last letter of the word will be changed into a sukoon, which is temporary due to stopping. It is optional or may be prolonged to 4-6 seconds.

 

يَسْتَوْفُونَ

الْعَالَمِينَ

الْفَسَادَ

Madd e Lazim

 After maddah letter there is a sukoon or shaddah on the next letter ; is called madd e lazim and prolonged for 4-6 seconds.

غَیۡرِ الۡمَغۡضُوۡبِ عَلَیۡہِمۡ وَ لَا الضَّآلِّیۡنَ